{"id":5904,"date":"2013-12-31T08:31:31","date_gmt":"2013-12-31T08:31:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.artcorner.com\/?p=5904"},"modified":"2013-12-31T08:31:31","modified_gmt":"2013-12-31T08:31:31","slug":"francisco-goya-father-of-modernism-and-last-of-the-old-masters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.overstockart.com\/blog\/francisco-goya-father-of-modernism-and-last-of-the-old-masters\/","title":{"rendered":"Francisco Goya &#8211; Father of Modernism and Last of the Old Masters"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Francisco Jose de Goya y Lucientes (1746 &#8211; 1828)\u00a0was a Spanish romantic painter and printmaker and is known as a father of Modernism and one of the last true &#8220;Old Masters.&#8221; He knew more than one wife and mistress in his lifetime, and his passions were known to flare up unpredictably.<\/p>\n<p>At age 14, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.overstockart.com\/subcategory\/shop-by-artist\/francisco-goya\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Goya<\/a> studied under the painter\u00a0Jos\u00e9 Luz\u00e1n. Goya relocated to Madrid where he studied with\u00a0Anton Raphael Mengs, a painter who had strong favor with\u00a0Spanish\u00a0royalty. Goya&#8217;s examinations were unsatisfactory, and his personality did not mesh with his master&#8217;s. Goya attempted entrance at the\u00a0<a title=\"Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Real_Academia_de_Bellas_Artes_de_San_Fernando\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Royal\u00a0<\/a><a title=\"Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Real_Academia_de_Bellas_Artes_de_San_Fernando\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Academy of Fine Art<\/a>\u00a0in 1763 and 1766 but was denied both times.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, when living in Rome, in 1771 he won second prize in a painting competition curated by the City of\u00a0Parma. Later that year, he returned to Saragossa and rendered parts of the cupolas of the\u00a0Basilica of the Pillar\u00a0(including\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adoration_of_the_Name_of_God\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><i>Adoration of the Name of God<\/i><\/a>), a\u00a0cycle of frescoes\u00a0in the monastic church of the Charterhouse of Aula Dei, and the frescoes of the Sobradiel Palace. He studied with\u00a0Francisco Bayeu y Sub\u00edas\u00a0where his work took on the delicate brush work and play of light for which he became famous. Goya developed his love for pattern, and the exploration of printmaking in his work never ended, though his painting seems more widely regarded than his printmaking.<\/p>\n<p>By the age of forty, Goya became a painter to King Charles III, and, in 1789, the newly accessioned Charles IV promoted him to court painter. The year 1789 marked the decline of the French monarchy (with Charles IV unwilling to rescue his cousin Louis XVI from ruin). In 1793, war erupted between France and Spain. During the war time, Goya traveled to C\u00e1diz in Andalusia with Sebasti\u00e1n Mart\u00ednez y P\u00e9rez, a well-to-do businessman and art collector. Unfortunately in\u00a0C\u00e1diz, at the age of 46, Goya became ill and this resulted in him becoming deaf.<\/p>\n<p>Goya continued to paint for the royals and those at court throughout his lifetime. When\u00a0French forces invaded Spain in 1808, leading to the\u00a0<a title=\"Peninsular War\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peninsular_War\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Peninsular War<\/a>\u00a0of 1808\u20131814, Goya is said to have remained neutral; though he did render portraits of French sympathizers and patrons. Yet, when the Spanish monarchy was fully secured in their reign, Goya had nothing to do with painting French portraits.<\/p>\n<p>Goya bought a house, called\u00a0<i>Quinta del Sordo\u00a0<\/i>or\u00a0&#8220;Deaf Man&#8217;s House.&#8221; His later paintings featured mythological references and were seen as darker in the subject matter.\u00a0Around the age of 75, it is here that he completed his <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_Paintings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Black Paintings<\/a>:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Using oil paints and working directly on the walls of his dining and sitting rooms, Goya created intense, haunting works with dark themes. The paintings were not commissioned and were not meant to leave his home. It is likely that the artist never intended the works for public exhibition: <em>&#8230;these paintings are as close to being hermetically private as any that have ever been produced in the history of Western art<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Goya did not give titles to the paintings, or if he did, he never revealed those titles.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.overstockart.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/goya2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-5922\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.overstockart.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/goya2.jpg\" alt=\"goya2\" width=\"280\" height=\"284\" \/><\/a>These works were rendered as murals on the walls of the house and were then transferred onto canvas in 1874. The themes are haunting and disturbing, a bleak look at humanity&#8217;s dark side. Presently, they are collected in the\u00a0<a title=\"Museo del Prado\" href=\"https:\/\/www.overstockart.com\/blog\/madrid-museum-prado\/\">Museo del Prado<\/a>\u00a0in Madrid.<\/p>\n<p>Sickened by the growing political unease in Spain, Goya removed himself to Bordeaux in 1824, having claimed he was seeking medical advice. For one so challenged by tough relations between France and Spain in his earlier years, it is interesting that he spent his final years in Bordeaux and Paris.<\/p>\n<p>Goya&#8217;s works from his later years resemble more of the Grotesque and Expressionist movements that will arrive 50 years later by Edvard Munch and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.overstockart.com\/lordfredericgallery.html\">Lord Frederic Leighton<\/a>. This is why many regard him both as an Old Master as well as a Father to Modernism, Goya&#8217;s influence in the 1800&#8217;s brought the art world to explorations and eventually the evolvement of the Modern art movement starting with the infamous Impressionists.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A look at the life of Francisco Goya from his play on light, political challenges, to his disturbing Black Paintings in later years.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":16747,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[723],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5904","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-art"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Francisco Goya - Father of Modernism and Last of the Old Masters - ArtCorner: A Blog by overstockArt.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.overstockart.com\/blog\/francisco-goya-father-of-modernism-and-last-of-the-old-masters\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Francisco Goya - Father of Modernism and Last of the Old Masters - ArtCorner: A Blog by overstockArt.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A look at the life of Francisco Goya from his play on light, political challenges, to his disturbing Black Paintings in later years.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.overstockart.com\/blog\/francisco-goya-father-of-modernism-and-last-of-the-old-masters\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ArtCorner: A Blog by overstockArt.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/overstockArt\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-12-31T08:31:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/cdn.overstockart.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/goya.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Tiffany Chaney\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@overstockart\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@overstockart\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Tiffany Chaney\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.overstockart.com\/blog\/francisco-goya-father-of-modernism-and-last-of-the-old-masters\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.overstockart.com\/blog\/francisco-goya-father-of-modernism-and-last-of-the-old-masters\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Tiffany Chaney\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.overstockart.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/2038a28dba787816b0823872b66f9a6b\"},\"headline\":\"Francisco Goya &#8211; 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